从“需要”层面看人工智能伦理的发展

On the Development of AI Ethics from the Perspective of“Need”

人类面对人工智能的迅速发展,在伦理学上表现出两种倾向,一种是伦理担忧/恐慌,另一种是伦理创新。在人工智能问题上,人类往往以他们的思维而不是以他们的需要来解释他们的行为,因此从需要的层面来研究人工智能是一个重要的研究视角。人工智能源于人的需要:一是人工智能的发展是人作为信息体的需要,二是人工智能的发展是人追求类本质的需要。同时人工智能作为人类的伦理需求也丰富了人的需求结构。总之,对人工智能给予伦理支持既是伦理发展的需要,也是人工智能发展的需要,更是人类发展的需要,在哲学层面上探讨人工智能的需要对于深入把握人工智能发展和人类发展的关系具有重要意义。

Facing the rapid development of artificial intelligence,human beings show two tendencies in ethics,one is ethical worry/panic,the other is ethical innovation.On the issue of artificial intelligence,human beings often explain their behavior by their thinking rather than their needs,so it is an important research perspective to study artificial intelligence from the level of needs.Artificial intelligence originates from human needs:first,the development of artificial intelligence is the need of human being as an information body;second,the development of artificial intelligence is the need of human pursuing the essence of class.At the same time,as the ethical needs of human beings,artificial intelligence also enriches the structure of human needs.In a word,to give ethical support to AI is not only the need of ethical development,but also the need of AI development,and also the need of human development.It is of great significance to explore the need of AI at the philosophical level for further understanding the relationship between AI development and human development.