水蜜桃渣可溶性膳食纤维的提取及其性能研究

Study on extraction and properties of soluble dietary fiber from Prunus persica dregs

为提高废弃桃渣的利用率,该文采用超声波辅助碱法提取水蜜桃(Prunus persica)渣中的可溶性膳食纤维(soluble dietary fiber,SDF),并用单因素试验及响应面法优化提取工艺条件,SDF经纯化后通过扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、流变仪等分析其理化性质和结构表征。结果表明,超声波辅助碱法提取水蜜桃渣中SDF的最佳工艺条件为:超声功率360 W、超声时间20 min、浸提温度80℃、浸提时间120 min、NaOH溶液质量浓度9 g/L、料液比1∶25(g∶mL),提取率平均值可达28.97%,SDF的持水力为51.56 g/g、膨胀力为45.58 mL/g、水溶度为96.55%、多糖含量为84.93%。SDF具有假塑性特性和总抗氧化能力,主要成分为果胶和半纤维素。研究结果可为水蜜桃渣SDF的提取与功能性应用提供理论依据。

To improve the utilization rate of waste peach dregs,this paper used the ultrasonic-assisted alkali method to extract soluble dietary fiber(SDF)from Prunus persica dregs.The extraction process conditions were optimized by single-factor test and response surface method,and the physicochemical properties and structural characterization of SDF were analyzed by scanning electron microscope,Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and rheometer after purification.Results showed that the optimum conditions for the extraction of SDF from Prunus persica dregs by ultrasonic-assisted alkali method were as follows:ultrasonic power 360 W,ultrasonic time 20 min,extraction tem-perature 80℃,extraction time 120 min,NaOH solution concentration of 9 g/L,and the material-liquid ratio of 1∶25(g∶mL),and the average extraction rate could reach 28.97%.It was determined that the water holding capacity of SDF was 51.56 g/g,the swelling force was 45.58 mL/g,the water solubility was 96.55%,and the polysaccharide content was 84.93%.SDF had pseudoplastic properties and total antioxidant capacity,as well as the main components,were pectin and hemicellulose.The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the extraction and functional application of SDF from Prunus persica dregs.