车用燃料电池阴离子交换膜材料研究进展

Research progress of anion exchange membrane materials for vehicle fuel cells

介绍了车用燃料电池阴离子交换膜材料的研究进展和制备方法。阴离子交换膜材料可分为主链型、侧链型、超支化型及交联型。主链型阴离子交换膜材料耐热性能、力学性能和离子交换性能优异,但耐碱性较差;侧链型阴离子交换膜材料结构与性能易调控,耐碱性优异;超支化结构和交联结构能够赋予阴离子交换膜材料更高的耐水性、耐碱性、稳定性和离子传导性能。阴离子交换膜材料主要通过直接聚合法和后功能化法制备,两种方法优缺点各异,需根据实际情况进行选择。

This paper introduces the research progress and preparation methods of anion exchange membrane materials for fuel cells of vehicle.Anion exchange membrane materials can be divided into main chain,side chain,hyper branched and cross-linked.The main chain anion exchange membrane materials perform excellently in heat resistance,mechanical properties and ion exchange properties,but poorly in alkali resistance.The structure and properties of side chain anion exchange membrane materials are easy to control and their alkali resistance is excellent;hyper branched structure and cross-linked structure can give anion exchange membrane materials higher water resistance,alkali resistance,mechanical stability and ion conductivity.Anion exchange membrane materials are mainly prepared by direct polymerization and post functionalization.The methods need to be selected according to the actual situation due to their different advantages and disadvantages.