先进保温材料在寒区卫生装备器材中的应用研究

Application of advanced thermal insulation materials in medical equipment in cold regions

目的:对雪丽棉、气凝胶和叠加态3种先进保温材料的保温性能进行研究,探索其在寒区卫生装备器材中的应用潜能。方法:首先,通过扫描电子显微镜分析、厚度和面密度测试对雪丽棉、气凝胶和叠加态基材进行形貌表征,并通过瞬态热线法测试和太阳光模拟照射实验评测雪丽棉、气凝胶和叠加态基材的保温性能。其次,制备叠加态和气凝胶内囊保温包,测试不同温度环境下保温包内部的温度变化。最后,制备叠加态、气凝胶和雪丽棉内帐帐篷,通过测试帐篷在自然环境下的内外温度变化来评测帐篷的保温性能。结果:雪丽棉基材最厚、最蓬松,气凝胶基材和叠加态基材则更轻薄,3种基材保温性能排序为:气凝胶基材>雪丽棉基材>叠加态基材;气凝胶内囊保温包保温性能优于叠加态内囊保温包;气凝胶内帐帐篷和雪丽棉内帐帐篷较叠加态内帐帐篷具有更好的保温性能,且雪丽棉内帐帐篷保温效果略优。结论:3种材料均具有良好的保温性能,在寒区卫生装备器材研制改进中将具有很好的应用前景,其中气凝胶材料可作为最优选。

Objective To investigate the thermal insulation performances of three advanced insulation materials,namely thinsulate,aerogel and Y-Warm,so as to explore their potential for application to the medical equipment in cold regions.Methods The base materials of thinsulate,aerogel and Y-Warm underwent morphological characterization with thickness and surface density testing and scanning electron microscope,whose insulation performances were evaluated by transient hot line method and simulated sunlight irradiation test.Y-Warm and aerogel were used to prepare the linings of the thermal insulation bags respectively,and the temperature changes inside the bags were measured under different temperature conditions.The linings of the tents were fabricated with Y-Warm,aerogel and thinsulate,and the insulation performances of the tents were evaluated by testing the internal and external temperature changes of the tent in the natural environment.Results The thermal insulation performances of the three kinds of base materials were ranked asaerogel>thinsulate>Y-Warm,with thinsulate gaining the highest thickness and filling power while aerogel and Y-Warm having advantages in lightness and thinness;the thermal insulation bag with aerogel lining behaved better than that with Y-Warm lining in thermal insulation;thinsulate and aerogel gained advantages over Y-Warm in thermal insulation when used as the linings of the tents,and thhinsulate was slightly better than aerogel.Conclusion All the three materials have good thermal insulation properties,which can be used as effective candidates for the improvement of the medical equipment in cold regions,of which aerogel may be the best option.