国外生物质燃料土地利用变化的发展现状及经验借鉴

Development Status of Land Use Change for Biomass Fuels in Foreign Countries and Referential Experience

生物质作为唯一的可再生碳源,其高效利用是解决能源与环境问题的关键和纽带。生物质燃料在发电供热、交通运输、脱碳减排方面发挥着至关重要的作用,肩负着实现生命周期温室气体减排的特定目标。生物质燃料的生产和使用引起的土地利用变化是影响环境平衡的重要因素之一。对巴西、美国、欧洲等国家和地区生物质燃料引起的土地利用变化做了简单的介绍,综述了土地利用的类型和对环境影响的不同方面,重点阐述了我国能源结构及生物质资源潜力,分析了农作物种植面积及土地利用结构,并总结了国外生物燃料引起的土地利用变化对我国的启示。最后提出我国生物质燃料土地利用变化评估的重要性,以期为优化能源结构和改善生态环境提供参考。

As the only renewable carbon source,the efficient utilization of biomass is the key and link to solve the problems of energy and environment.Biomass fuels play a vital role in the sections of power and heating,transportation,decarbonization and emission reduction,and shouldering the specific goal of achieving greenhouse gas emission reduction in the life cycle.Land use change caused by the production and use of biomass fuel is one of the important factors affecting environmental balance.The land use change caused by biomass fuel in Brazil,the United States,Europe and other countries was briefly introduced in this paper,and the types of land use change and the different aspects of its impact on the environment were summarized.China's energy structure and biomass resource potential were focused on,crop planting area and land use structure were analyzed,and the enlightenment of foreign land use change caused by biofuel to China was summarized.Finally,the importance of land use change assessment of biomass fuel in China was put forward,in order to provide reference for optimizing energy structure and improving ecological environment.