重建国际新秩序与儒家王道政治哲学

Reconstruction of the New International Order and the Political Philosophy of Confucianism

重建国际新秩序和全球伦理是当今人类社会遇到的两个重大问题,两者之间是一个相辅相成的关系。在重建国际新秩序中,中国传统儒家王道政治哲学可资多方面思想资源。在儒家王道政治哲学里,“王道”与“儒道”即是合而为一的。具体言之,儒家王道政治哲学的“仁义”“爱人”“天下为公”“四海之内皆兄弟”等思想,以及“无偏无党”“无反无侧”的原则和主张,为化解西方发达国家和广大发展中国家在人权与国权关系上的尖锐对立和分歧提供了许多有益的思想资源和启示。儒家王道政治哲学的“制民之产”“与民同乐”“仁民爱物”“天人合一”等思想,对于克服因经济全球化、市场化和自由化产生的弊端,构建一个更加公平、公正、合理的国际经济新秩序具有警示和借鉴意义。儒家王道政治哲学的“以夏变夷”的中国中心论观念,则从反面为建立一个更加互相包容、互相借鉴的国际文化新秩序提供了需要引以为戒的教训。在重建国际新秩序和全球伦理过程中,中国传统儒家王道政治哲学和中国优秀传统文化应该亦完全可以为其贡献中国智慧和中国方案。

The reconstruction of the new international order and global ethics are two major issues that human society is facing today,and they are mutually reinforcing.In the reconstruction of the new international order,the Chinese traditional Confucian political philosophy of kingcraft can be endowed with many ideological resources.In the Confucian political philosophy of kingcraft,“kingcraft” and “Confucianism” are integrated.Specifically,the thought of “benevolence and righteousness”,“love of others”,“the public world”,“brotherhood”,the principles and propositions of “impartiality” and “freedom from bias” have provided many useful ideological resources and inspiration for resolving the sharp opposition and differences between the western developed countries and the vast number of developing countries in the relationship between human rights and state power.The ideas of “controlling the production of the people”,“sharing happiness with the people”,“caring for people”,and “harmony between nature and man” in the Confucian royal political philosophy are of warning and reference significance for overcoming the drawbacks arising from economic globalization,marketization and liberalization,and building a new international economic order that is more fair,just and reasonable.The Chinese centered concept of “changing foreigners with Xia” in the political philosophy of the Confucian kingcraft provides a lesson that needs to be learned from the negative side for the establishment of a new international cultural order that is more inclusive.In the process of rebuilding the new international order and global ethics,China should and can fully contribute Chinese wisdom and programs to it due to its traditional Confucian royal political philosophy and excellent Chinese traditional culture.