不确定需求下考虑供应商保鲜努力的生鲜农产品供应链协调

Supply Chain Coordination of Fresh Agricultural Products Considering Supplier Preservation Efforts Under Uncertain Demand

将不确定需求与供应商保鲜努力同时纳入生鲜农产品供应链中,以期望利润最大化为目标分别建立集中决策、分散无协调和分散有协调三种情况的Stackelberg博弈模型.通过模型对比分析,在不确定性环境下,供应商提升农产品的新鲜度有利于增加农产品市场需求量,但是在分散无协调情形下,农产品的零售价、新鲜度以及供应链系统整体利润均低于集中决策情形.因此,针对分散无协调决策模型,引入“成本共担-收益共享”模型进行协调.经研究发现,在协调契约模型下,供应链决策各方相互合作能够降低生鲜农产品零售价,提高保鲜努力投入、消费者购买量和供应链中各成员的利润.最后通过数值仿真验证了所提模型的合理性.

The uncertain demand and the supplier’s fresh-keeping efforts are simultaneously incorporated into the fresh agricultural product supply chain,and three Stackelberg game models,namely centralized decision-making,decentralized uncoordinated and decentralized coordinated situations are respectively established with the goal of maximizing the expected profit.Through comparative analysis of models,in an uncertain environment,suppliers’upgrading of the freshness of agricultural products is conducive to increasing the market demand for agricultural products.However,in the decentralized uncoordinated situation,the retail price,freshness and overall profit of the supply chain system of agricultural products are lower than those in the centralized decision-making situation.Therefore,for the decentralized uncoordinated decision-making model,the“cost sharing-revenue sharing”model is introduced for coordination.It is found that under the coordination contract model,the cooperation of supply chain decision-making parties can reduce the retail price of fresh agricultural products,improve the effort input of fresh-keeping,consumer purchases and the profits of each member of the supply chain.Finally,the rationality of the proposed model is verified by numerical simulation analysis.