中国古代书院的历史记忆功能研究

The Research of Historical Memory Function of Ancient Chinese Academies

历史记忆是立足于当代视角,以其独特的选择机制对过往之历史进行有意识地选择后建构起来的记忆,因此历史记忆并不完全是历史史实。历史记忆具有传承性和延续性。中国古代书院是集讲学、聚书、祭贤于一体的文化教育组织,也是承载历史记忆之场所。其不仅是保存实物的物理场所,也是具有功能性和象征性的场所。中国古代书院通过聚书活动保存历史记忆,通过讲学活动强化历史记忆,通过祭贤活动建构历史记忆,对中国文化传承起到了重要作用。

Historical memory is constructed after a conscious selection of history based on a contemporary perspective with its unique selection mechanism.Therefore historical memory is not entirely historical facts.Historical memory is featured by inheritance and continuity.Ancient Chinese academies were cultural and educational organizations that integrate lecturing,book gathering and sage worship.They were also carriers of historical memories.They were a place that exist in themselves and conserve material objects.At the same time,they were also functional and symbolic palaces.They preserve historical memory by gathering books.They intensify historical memory by giving lectures.They construct historical memory by feting sages.They play an important role in cultural inheritance.