天津市近岸海域秋季浮游动物群落结构与环境因子相关性

Zooplankton community structure and its relationship with environmental factors in autumn in Tianjin coastal marine areas

浮游动物对海洋生态系统结构平衡起着重要的调节作用。为研究天津市近岸海域浮游动物分布及其与环境因子的关系,于2020年9月在天津市近岸海域设置16个采样点开展调查,采用生物多样性指数评价方法对浮游动物多样性进行评价,利用冗余分析法(RDA)和主成分分析法(PCA)分别对浮游动物多样性与水环境因子之间的关系以及天津市近岸海域主要水环境影响因子进行分析。结果表明:天津市近岸海域共监测到浮游动物18种,桡足类为主要类群,占浮游动物类群总量的50%;物种数量占比较多的为桡足类幼体(Copepodite larva)、近缘大眼剑水蚤(Corycaeus affinis)和桡足类无节幼虫[Nauplius larva(Copepoda)];浮游动物Margalef丰富度指数(D)、Pielou均匀度指数(J)、Simpson优势度指数(C)和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H′)分别为1.37、0.71、0.36和1.31;RDA分析表明,悬浮物(SS)浓度与总生物量、D、J、H′均呈负相关,活性磷酸盐浓度与J、H’呈正相关,pH、盐度与C呈负相关,Chla、NH^(+)_(4)-N浓度与C、J呈正相关,DO浓度与C、总生物量呈负相关,石油类浓度与C呈负相关;PCA分析显示,SS、Chla和NH~+-N浓度是影响浮游动物多样性分布的主要因子。

Zooplankton plays an important role in regulating the structural balance of marine ecosystem.In order to study the distribution of zooplankton in Tianjin coastal waters and its relationship with the environmental factors,a survey was carried out at 16 monitoring sites in Tianjin coastal waters in September 2020.The biodiversity index was used to evaluate the zooplankton diversity,redundancy analysis(RDA)and principal components analysis(PCA)were used to analyze the relationship between zooplankton diversity and water environment factors as well as the main water environment impact factors in Tianjin coastal waters,respectively.The results showed that 18species of zooplankton were identified and Copepods were the main group,which accounting for 50%of the total zooplankton,and the dominant species were Copepodite larva,Corycaeus affinis and Nauplius larva(Copepoda).Margalef richness index(D),Pielou evenness index(J),Simpson dominance index(C)and Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H’)were 1.37,0.71,0.36 and 1.31,respectively.RDA showed that suspended solids(SS)was negatively correlated with total biomass,D,J and H’,respectively.The concentration of active phosphate was positively correlated with J and H’,while pH and salinity were negatively correlated with the C.The concentrations of chlorophyll a and ammonia were positively correlated with C and J.The content of dissolved oxygen was negatively correlated with C and total biomass,while that of petroleum was negatively correlated with C.PCA showed that the main water environment factors affecting zooplankton diversity distribution in Tianjin coastal waters were suspended matter,chlorophyll a and ammonia.ll a and ammonia.