天疱疮患者合并感染的影响因素分析

Analysis on the influencing factors of pemphigus complicated infection

目的探讨天疱疮患者合并感染的情况,进一步分析其影响因素。方法回顾性分析2019年3月至2021年3月茂名市人民医院收治的105例天疱疮患者的临床资料,调查天疱疮患者合并感染的现状,分析患者合并感染的病原菌类型及其影响因素。结果本研究中共有47例天疱疮患者合并感染,合并感染率为44.76%(47/105),分离出49株病原菌,以革兰氏阳性杆菌(G^(+))最多,占比59.18%,革兰氏阴性杆菌(G^(-))次之,占比22.45%,真菌最少,占比18.37%。天疱疮患者合并感染与否和性别、疾病类型、激素种类、高血压、高脂血症方面无关(P>0.05),和年龄、病程、疾病严重程度、低蛋白血症、糖尿病、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞减少症有关(P<0.05);多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,低蛋白血症、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞减少症、糖尿病、病情严重程度(重度)是天疱疮患者合并感染的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论天疱疮患者合并感染发生率较高,感染病原菌主要以革兰阳性杆菌为主,天疱疮患者合并感染受合并疾病、病情严重程度等多种因素的影响,临床医生应针对其影响因素给予预防措施,减少感染的发生。

Objective To investigate the co-infection of pemphigus patients and to further analyze its influencing factors.Methods The clinical data of 105 patients with pemphigus admitted to Maoming People's Hospital from March 2019 to March 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.The current status of co-infection in patients with pemphigus was investigated,and the types of pathogens and influencing factors of co-infection were analyzed.Results In this study,a total of 47 patients with pemphigus were co-infected,and the co-infection rate was 44.76%(47/105).49 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated,among which Gram-positive bacilli(G^(+))were the most common,accounting for 59.18%,Gram-negative bacilli(G^(-))were the second,accounting for 22.45%,and fungi were the least common,accounting for 18.37%.The co-infection of pemphigus patients was not related to gender,disease type,hormone type,hypertension and hyperlipidemia(P>0.05),but was related to age,disease course,disease severity,hypoproteinemia,diabetes mellitus and CD4^(+)T lymphocytopenia(P<0.05).The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that hypoproteinemia,CD4^(+)T lymphocytopenia,diabetes mellitus and severity of disease were independent influencing factors of co-infection in pemphigus patients(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of co-infection in patients with pemphigus is high,and the main pathogens of infection are Gram-positive bacilli.Co-infection in patients with pemphigus is affected by multiple factors such as co-disease and severity of illness.Clinicians should take preventive measures to reduce the incidence of infection.