精神分裂症再复发相关因素与针对性护理干预措施

Related factors of schizophrenia relapse and targeted nursing intervention measures

目的探讨精神分裂症再复发的相关因素,并分析针对性护理措施的效果。方法选取上饶市第三人民医院2016年1月至2021年1月收治的120例精神分裂症患者作为研究对象,按照是否为复发者分为再复发(60例)和未复发(60例),分析精神分裂症患者再复发的影响因素。再复发的患者按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,各30例,对照组采取常规护理,观察组采取针对性护理,比较两组的再入院率及满意度。结果再复发人群中女性、婚姻状况为其他(未婚、丧偶或离异)、服药不依从、有不良嗜好患者比例及年龄高于未复发人群,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,女性、未婚丧偶或离异、服药不依从、有不良嗜好、年龄高是精神分裂症再复发的危险因素(OR>1,P<0.05)。观察组6、9个月内复发再入院率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组12个月内复发再入院率比较,差异无统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组护理满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论精神分裂症患者再复发可能受到性别、年龄、婚姻状况、服药依从性、不良嗜好等影响,采取针对性护理有利于改善患者预后,降低其再复发入院率。

Objective To explore the related factors of relapse of schizophrenia and analyze the effect of targeted nursing measures.Methods A total of 120 patients with schizophrenia admitted to the Third People's Hospital of Shangrao from January 2016 to January 2021 were selected as research objects.According to whether the patients had relapse or not,they were divided into relapse(60 cases)and non-relapse(60 cases),and the influencing factors of relapse in schizophrenia patients were analyzed.Patients with recurrence were divided into observation group and control group according to random number table method,with 30 cases each.The control group took routine nursing,the observation group took targeted nursing,and the readmission rate and satisfaction of the two groups were compared.Results The proportion of women,other marital status(unmarried,widowed or divorced),non-adherence to medication,bad habits and age of patients with relapse were higher than those without relapse,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that female,unmarried widowed or divorced,non-adherence to medication,bad habits,and high age level were risk factors for relapse of schizophrenia(OR>1,P<0.05).The rate of recurrence and readmission in the observation group was lower than that in the control group within 6 and 9 months,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the recurrence and readmission rate between the two groups within 12 months(P>0.05).The nursing satisfaction of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The relapse of schizophrenia patients may be affected by gender,age,marital status,medication compliance,bad habits and so on.Taking targeted nursing is conducive to improve the prognosis of patients and reduce the rate of relapse.