天目山不同海拔的螽斯和蟋蟀多样性时空特征

Spatial and temporal distribution of Tettigonioidea and Grylloidea at different altitudes of Tianmu Mountain

以天目山自然保护区分布的螽斯和蟋蟀类鸣虫为调查对象,于2019年4—10月进行固定样线调查.本次调查共发现天目山地区螽斯28种、蟋蟀19种,其中的6种螽斯及8种蟋蟀为天目山新记录.成虫时间主要集中于8、9、10月,并有低海拔先成虫的现象;螽斯和蟋蟀群体大致呈现从低海拔到高海拔物种数目先降低再升高的趋势,且蟋蟀主要分布于低海拔地区,而螽斯在各海拔均有分布;由于瘤突片蟋、凸翅糙颈螽、刻点哑蟋等几种螽斯和蟋蟀具有高海拔窄域分布的特征,故可将其作为天目山物候的指示物种.

In this research,we carried out a survey based on one fixed transect for Tettigonioidea and Grylloidea insects distributed in Tianmu Mountain from April to October of 2019.The results showed that there were 28 species of Tettigonioidea and 19 species of Grylloidea in Tianmu Mountain.Among them,six species of Tettigonioidea and eight species of Grylloidea were recorded in Tianmu Mountain for the first time.The insects became adults in August,September,and October.The insects distributed at lower altitudes tended to become adults earlier than those at higher altitudes.The number of species declined initially with increasing altitude,and subsequently increased.The Tettigonioidea species are distributed at various altitudes while Grylloidea species are primarily distributed at low altitudes.Because Truljalia tylacantha,Ruidocollaris truncatolobata,Goniogryllus punctatus and some other species are only distributed in a narrow scope at high altitudes,they can be used as indicator species for climate change in Tianmu Mountain.