黄粉虫粉对良凤花肉鸡肠道组织形态及盲肠菌群的影响

Effects of Tenebrio Molitor Mealworm Meal on Intestinal Morphology and Cecal Bacteria in Liangfenghua Broiler Chickens

试验旨在探究黄粉虫粉对肉鸡血清抗氧化性能、免疫性能、肠道组织形态及盲肠菌群的影响。试验选用1日龄健康状况良好且体重相近良凤花肉鸡公鸡600只,随机分为5组,每组5个重复,每个重复24只。TM0、TM3、TM5、TM7、TM9组鸡肉分别饲喂含0(对照)、3%、5%、7%、9%黄粉虫粉的饲粮,试验期70 d。结果表明:①在血清抗氧化性能方面,TM3组和TM5组肉鸡血清中T-SOD活性均显著高于TM0组和TM7组(P<0.05)。②在肠道形态方面,TM3组回肠绒毛高度均显著或极显著高于TM0、TM7组和TM9组(P<0.05和P<0.01);TM3组空肠隐窝深度显著或极显著低于TM5组和TM9组(P<0.05和P<0.01);TM0、TM3组和TM5组回肠V/C值均极显著高于TM7组(P<0.01),TM3组空肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度(V/C)值极显著高于TM0、TM5、TM7组和TM9组(P<0.01)。③在肠道菌群方面,与TM0组相比,TM3组盲肠微生物丰富度指数ACE指数和Chao1指数均显著升高(P<0.05),TM3组盲肠菌群门水平上脱铁杆菌门和属水平上拟杆菌属相对丰度均显著增加(P<0.05)。综上所述,在本试验条件下,饲粮中添加黄粉虫粉能够提高肉鸡的抗氧化性能,改善肠道组织形态,提高营养物质的消化吸收,提升盲肠有益菌群的相对丰度,改善肉鸡肠道健康,且以3%的添加量效果最佳。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of tenebrio molitor mealworm(TM)on serum antioxidant performance,immune performance,intestinal morphology and cecum microflora of broiler chickens.A total of 600 healthy liangfenghua broiler chickens aged one day were randomly divid⁃ed into five groups with five replications and 24 chickens per replicate.Broiler chickens in the TM0,TM3,TM5,TM7 and TM9 groups were fed with diets containing 0(control),3%,5%,7%,and 9%TM,respectively,the experimental period lasted for 70 days.The results showed that:①In terms of serum an⁃tioxidant properties,the T-SOD activity in the serum of broiler chickens in the TM3 and TM5 groups was significantly higher than that in the TM0 and TM7 groups(P<0.05).②In terms of intestinal morphol⁃ogy,the ileal villus height was significantly or highly significantly higher in TM3 group than that in TM0,TM7 and TM9 groups(P<0.05 or P<0.01);the jejunal crypt depth was significantly or highly signif⁃icantly lower in TM3 group than that in TM5 and TM9 groups(P<0.05 or P<0.01);the ileal V/C value in the TM0,TM3 and TM5 groups was extremely significantly higher than that in the TM7 group(P<0.01),the jejunal V/C value in the TM3 group was ex⁃tremely significantly higher than that in the TM0,TM5,TM7 and TM9 groups(P<0.01).③In terms of intestinal bacteria,compared with the TM0 group,the ACE index and Chao1 index in the TM3 group were significantly increased(P<0.05),the relative abundances of Deferribacteres at the level of the phylum and the Bacteroides at the genus level were significantly increased(P<0.05).In summary,under this experiment condition,dietary supple⁃mentation with TM could improve the antioxidant performance and morphology of intestinal tissues,en⁃hance the digestion and absorption of nutrients,increase the relative abundance of beneficial cecum flo⁃ra,adding 3%TM had the best effect on broiler chickens.