浅析中国传统民居绿色节能技术

Analysis on green energy saving technology of Chinese traditional dwellings

我国疆域辽阔、历史悠久,不同地域与民族的传统民居形式千姿百态,但无论形式如何变化都反映了当地的风俗习惯,遵循着本土的自然法则“因地制宜”。中国传统民居经过长时间的发展,其无论在文化艺术层面还是科学技术层面都有很高的造诣。人们为了更好地适应自然,享受更舒适的生活,用自己的劳动和智慧使建筑功能在躲避自然灾害与绿色节能方面得到长足的发展。现如今,社会正面临严重的资源危机、环境危机,为了应对危机,建筑设计也应该走绿色节能和可持续发展路线,在创新的同时吸收前辈们被动式绿色节能的技术成果。通过从中国传统民居的规划选址(宏观)、建筑空间组合(中观)和材质构造选取(微观)层面来分析总结我国传统民居在节能技术方面的成就,指出中国传统民居节能技术的不足,总结传统民居节能技术对现代城乡建设的启示。

China has a vast territory and a long history.Different regions and nationalities have a variety of traditional residential forms.However,no matter how the forms change,they reflect the local customs and follow the local natural law of“adjusting measures to local conditions and teaching students according to their aptitude”.After a long period of development,Chinese traditional folk houses have high attainments in both culture and art and science and technology.In order to better adapt to nature and enjoy a more comfortable life,people have made great progress in avoiding natural disasters and green energy conservation with their own labor and wisdom.Now we are facing a serious resource crisis and environmental crisis.In order to deal with the crisis,architectural design should also follow the route of green energy conservation and sustainable development.While innovating,we should absorb the passive green energy-saving technological achievements of our predecessors.This paper analyzes and summarizes the achievements of China's traditional houses in energy-saving technology from the aspects of planning and site selection(macro),building space combination(meso)and material structure selection(micro),finds the shortcomings of China's traditional houses'energy-saving technology,and summarizes the Enlightenment of traditional houses'energy-saving technology to modern urban and rural construction.