让学习有效通达深处——深度学习的相对性、条件性及引导策略

Make Learning Effective and In-depth——Relativity,Conditionality and Guidance Strategy of Deeper Learning

深度学习的相对性是说,它是比浅层学习更深入、更全面、有更高品质的学习,是对学生影响更深刻、更持久的学习。深度学习的条件性是说,它是以学生先前的学习、教师良好的支持与引导、教师对课程的深刻理解、学生在教学中的深度参与、师生情感的深度投入,以及更优的教学环境等为条件的学习。要让学习通达深处,就要遵循深度学习规律,树立面向全体学生、面向未来的教学理念,突出学生对意义的自主建构与文化体认,筑牢先前学习基础,利用问题、情境、任务与项目等,优化教学过程,以多样化学科实践引导师生全身心投入教学;要利用深度学习的相对性,超越浅层学习,确定基于核心素养的深度教学目标与内容,提供适合学生个性与学习能力的教学指导,活学活用,促进学习有效迁移,通过高质量课堂教学,把深度学习抓实;要利用深度学习的条件性,辨证处理教与学的关系,科学设计教学策略,给学生提供充裕的学习体验,促进深度学习普遍达成、有效达成。

The relativity of deeper learning is that it is deeper,more comprehensive,and higher quality learning than shallow learning,and it is a more profound and lasting learning for students.The condition of deeper learning means that it is based on students’ previous learning,teachers’ support and guidance,teachers’ deeper understanding for the curriculum,students’ deeper participation in teaching,the deeper emotional investment,and the better teaching environment. In order to make learning effective and in-depth,we should establish a teaching concept for all students and future-oriented,highlight students’ independent construction and cultural understanding of meaning,build a solid foundation for previous learning,use problems,situations,tasks and projects to optimize the teaching process,and guide teachers and students to devote themselves to teaching with diversified subject practices. It is necessary to make use of the relativity of deeper learning,go beyond shallow learning,determine in-depth teaching goals based on core competencies,provide teaching guidance suitable for students’ personality and learning ability,promote effective transfer of learning,and grasp deeper learning through high-quality classroom teaching. It is necessary to use the condition of deeper learning,dialectically handle the relationship between teaching and learning,scientifically design teaching strategies,provide students with sufficient learning experience,and promote the universal and effective achievement of deeper learning.