摘要
The article describes the approaches for a reliable,quantitative compositional analysis of lead-free perovskite ceramics in powder and bulk forms that contain volatile alkaline compounds.The combination of scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and transmission electron microcopy(TEM)with electron-probe analytical techniques,such as energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS),wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(WDS)and electron-energy-loss spectroscopy(EELS)makes it possible to determine the true chemical composition,from precursor powders to synthesized ceramics or single crystals.The microscale(SEM)and nanoscale(TEM)analytical methods also give an insight into the local variations of the chemical composition.
基金
The authors wish to acknowledge the-nancial support of Slovenian Research Agency(P2-105)
the Ministry of Higher Education,Science and Technology of Slovenia,the 5 FP project LEAF,the 6FP project IMMEDIATE and the 6FP NoE MIND.
