腹膜透析患者饮食依从行为现状及其影响因素分析

The present status and influencing factors of dietary compliance behaviors in peritoneal dialysis patients

目的了解腹膜透析患者饮食依从行为现状,分析其影响因素。方法选取2021年9月~2022年3月在贵州省人民医院腹膜透析中心的210名腹膜透析患者为研究对象,采用一般资料调查问卷、肾病饮食依从行为量表、腹膜透析饮食知识问卷、慢性肾脏病饮食自我效能量表、领悟社会支持量表进行调查。结果PD患者饮食依从行为得分为(69.47±2.49)分,饮食知识得分为(14.71±1.66)分,饮食自我效能得分为(57.62±3.37)分,领悟社会支持得分为(64.25±2.44)分。多元线性回归分析显示:年龄(β=0.124,P<0.001)、合并症个数(β=0.097,P=0.008)、文化程度(β=0.079,P=0.024)、饮食知识(β=0.373,P<0.001)、饮食自我效能(β=0.273,P<0.001)及领悟社会支持(β=0.329,P<0.001)均为腹膜透析患者饮食依从行为的影响因素。结论腹膜透析患者饮食依从行为处于中等水平,临床医护工作者应重视腹膜透析患者的饮食健康教育,促进其产生更积极的饮食依从行为。

Objective To investigate the present status and influencing factors of dietary compliance behavior in peritoneal dialysis(PD)patients.Methods A total of 210 PD patients treated in the Peritoneal Dialysis Center of Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital between September 2021 and March 2022 were recruited as the research subjects.General data questionnaire,kidney disease dietary compliance scale,PD dietary knowledge questionnaire,chronic kidney disease dietary self-efficacy scale,and perceived social support scale were used for the investigation.Results The dietary compliance behavior score was 69.47±2.49,dietary knowledge score 14.71±1.66,dietary self-efficacy score 57.62±3.37,and perceived social support score 64.25±2.44.Multivariate linear regression indicated that age(β=0.124,P<0.001),the number of complication(β=0.097,P=0.008),education level(β=0.079,P=0.024),dietary knowledge(β=0.373,P<0.001),dietary self-efficacy(β=0.273,P<0.001)and perceived social support(β=0.329,P<0.001)were the influencing factors for dietary compliance behavior in PD patients.Conclusion The dietary compliance behavior in PD patients was at a moderate level.Medical professionals should give more diet health education to PD patients to promote positive diet compliance behavior in these patients.