考虑海洋生态损失的小规模船舶溢油应急收油机配置研究

Study on the configuration of receiver for small⁃scale oil spills considering marine ecological loss

沿岸小规模溢油事件发生频率较高、总量较大,会对海洋生态环境造成巨大威胁。因此应对其引起重视并针对其沿岸设立应急设备点,储备收油机等应急物资。对于沿岸小规模溢油事件,为确定其应急点收油机数量最优配置方案,在综合考虑溢油对环境的影响以及收油机折旧成本的基础上,通过多目标粒子群算法构建配置模型;根据决策者偏好选取最优的配置方案;以我国北方某码头海域为例分析模型应用效果,并给出该海域应急点收油机数量配置最优决策。

Due to the high frequency and large total amount of the small-scale oil spills along the coast,they pose a huge threat to the marine ecological environment.Therefore,much attention should be paid to the emergency equipment stations for the coast,and the emergency supplies such as oil skim⁃mers.For small-scale oil spills along the coast,in order to determine the optimal configuration of the number of skimmers at emergency stations,we establish a configuration model via a multi-objective particle swarm algorithm,which comprehensively considers the impact of the oil spillage on the envi⁃ronment and the depreciation cost of skimmers.The optimal configuration is then obtained according to the preference of the decision maker.The model is applied to a sea area of a terminal in northern China,and gives the optimal decision on the allocation of the number of skimmers at the emergency station in the sea area.