我国体育赛事重大突发事件发生机制及应对策略研究

Occurrence Mechanism and Coping Strategies of Major Emergencies during Sports Events in China

通过文献资料、专家访谈和实地考察法,分析我国体育赛事重大突发事件的发生机制,并提出应对策略。研究认为:环境因素和赛事自身潜在风险,认识层面的安全意识松懈和盲目逐利,预防不到位和监管缺位等各因素相互影响和作用,进而发生一般性突发事件或重大突发事件。当发生一般性突发事件时,如果应急响应缺失则会导致事态恶化而转变成重大突发事件。为降低重大体育赛事突发事件发生概率、减少重大体育赛事突发事件造成的损失,应提升防控能力、提升监管力度和做实应急预案。在提升防控能力方面要提高防范意识、完善防范机制、提升预警能力;在提升监管力度方面要推行防范清单、明确监管内容、提高监管效果;在做实应急预案方面要提升应急意识、编制应急预案、加强应急资源保障。

Through literature review,expert interviews and field survey,this paper analyzes the occurrence mechanism of major emergencies in Chinese sports events and the countermeasures.This paper claims that the cause for general or major emergencies could be attributed to environmental factors and the potential risks of the event itself,lax safety awareness at the cognitive level and blind pursuit of profit,lack of prevention and supervision etc.,and the interactive effect among all the factors.When a general emergency occurs,the lack of emergency response leads to the deterioration of the situation,which will turn into a major emergency.In order to reduce the probability of occurrence of major emergencies in sports events and reduce the losses,suggestions are put forward to improve prevention and control capabilities,enhance supervision,and implement emergency programs.In terms of improving prevention and control,it is necessary to increase awareness of prevention,improve prevention mechanisms,and enhance early warning capabilities;in terms of improving supervision,it is necessary to implement prevention lists,clarify supervision content,and improve supervision effects;in implementing emergency programs,it is necessary to enhance emergency awareness,prepare emergency plans,and strengthen emergency resource guarantees.