热电厂CO_(2)捕集与利用技术进展

Technical Progress on CO_(2)Capture and Utilization in Thermal Power Plants

2020年全球二氧化碳排放量约为320亿吨,大气中CO_(2)含量正在以每年1 ppm的速度上升,CO_(2)的捕集利用技术正受到越来越多的关注。本文全面介绍了CO_(2)捕集和利用技术,重点对燃烧后捕集技术进行了详细综述和客观评价。认为膜吸收CO_(2)捕集方法具有装填密度高、气液接触面积大,操作弹性大,运行成本低优势,具有良好的发展前景;CO_(2)的生物转化利用因具有反应条件温和、过程碳排放极小等优点,使其在CO_(2)资源化利用方面表现出优异的应用前景。

The global CO_(2) emission was about 32 billion tons in 2020,which resulted in the rising of atmospheric CO_(2) content at the rate of 1 ppm per year and CO_(2) capture and utilization technology was receiving more and more attention.CO_(2) capture and utilization technologies were comprehensively introduced,and post-combustion capture technologies were reviewed in detail and evaluated objectively.It is concluded that the membrane absorption method had the advantages of high filling density,large gas-liquid contact area,large operating flexibility and low operating cost thus having a good development prospect.The bio-conversion and utilization of CO_(2) had the advantages of mild reaction conditions and minimal carbon emissions,which showed excellent application prospects in the utilization of CO_(2) resources.