儿童髓母细胞瘤研究现状及前景

Research status and prospects of medulloblastoma in children

髓母细胞瘤(MB)是儿童起源于小脑最常见脑肿瘤,因为脑组织仍处于发育阶段,治疗相关的致残率较高。MB可以进一步分为4个主要的分子亚型[WNT-MB,Sonic hedgehog(SHH),Groups 3和4],每一种亚型都有独特的分子特点及临床表现。毒副作用更低的治疗是改善儿童患者生活质量的亟需方案。面对如此挑战,我们需要对MB形成的分子机制有更深入地探索,以促进药物的研发。在MB标准治疗方案中,引入表观遗传学重组治疗,为降低MB治疗的毒副作用提供了新的希望。文章介绍了髓母细胞瘤基础及临床研究的现状,并指出未来可能研究方向。

Medulloblastoma(MB)is the most common childhood brain tumor,occurs in cerebellum and is associated with significant therapy-related morbidity.MB can be divided in four main molecular groups[WNT,Sonic hedgehog(SHH),groups 3 and 4],each with a unique molecular profile and clinical behavior.Low toxic therapies are urgently needed to improve quality of life of these children.Addressing this challenge requires a better understanding of the biological mechanism of MB formation and their exploitation for therapy.Incorporating epigenetic reprogramming therapy into standard care of treatment for MB patients offers hope for less toxic treatment.This article aims to illustrate the research status and prospects of MB,and potential perspectives in future.