踝关节骨关节炎动物模型构建的研究与进展

Research advances in animal models of ankle osteoarthritis

背景:踝关节骨关节炎作为极大影响患者生活质量的疾病,正越来越得到人们重视。踝骨关节炎的临床及实验研究尚不及膝关节研究完备,目前缺乏关于动物模型较为系统的综述。目的:探讨踝骨关节炎各实验模型的造模方法,阐述各模型的特点,为踝骨关节炎的实验研究的改进提供理论依据。方法:检索2009-2022年中国知网、万方数据平台、维普期刊平台、PubMed、Embase数据库发表的相关文献,中文检索词“踝关节;骨关节炎;动物模型;创伤后骨关节炎”,英文检索词“Ankle Joint;Osteoarthritis;Animal models;Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis”,共纳入49篇文章进行系统性综述。结果与结论:①踝骨关节炎的动物模型中,对于创伤性关节炎的造模方式包括慢性踝关节不稳模型和关节内骨折模型;非创伤性动物模型的造模方式包括关节内药物注射诱导模型、软骨萎缩模型、关节衰老模型以及特定品系骨关节炎易感物种的自发性骨关节炎模型。②虽然创伤性踝骨关节炎的发病率很高,但与膝骨关节炎相比,目前对于踝骨关节炎的研究相当有限。基于踝关节与膝关节结构及关节特性的差异,膝关节的研究成果在踝关节并不完全适用。对其动物模型的研究,更有利于对当前研究盲区进行深度探究。

BACKGROUND:As a disease that greatly affects the quality of life of patients,ankle osteoarthritis has been paid more and more attention.The clinical and experimental research of ankle osteoarthritis is not as complete as that of knee joint,and there is a lack of systematic review on animal models.OBJECTIVE:To explore the methods and characteristics of experimental models of ankle osteoarthritis,and to provide theoretical basis for the improvement of experimental research of ankle osteoarthritis.METHODS:Using the search terms of“ankle joint,osteoarthritis,animal models,post-traumatic osteoarthritis”,CNKI,WANFANG Data Platform,VIP,PubMed,and Embase databases from 2009 to 2022 were searched.Totally 49 articles were included for systematic review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)In the animal model of ankle osteoarthritis,the modeling methods for traumatic arthritis include chronic ankle instability model and intra-articular fracture model.Noninvasive animal models include intraarticular drug injection-induced models,cartilage atrophy models,joint senescence models,and spontaneous osteoarthritis models in specific strains of osteoarthritis susceptible species.(2)Although the incidence of traumatic ankle osteoarthritis is high,the research on ankle osteoarthritis is quite limited compared with knee osteoarthritis.Due to the differences in structure and characteristics between ankle joint and knee joint,the research results of knee joint are not completely applicable to ankle joint.The study of its animal model is more conducive to the in-depth exploration of the blind area of the current research.