自然价值的认识逻辑演进

The Evolution of Cognitive Logic of Natural Value

如何认识自然的价值,是生态伦理学的基础性问题。要正确认识自然价值,首先要回答自然价值的三个基本问题:什么是自然价值,为什么要确立自然价值,怎么确立自然价值。在认识自然价值的过程中,历经了主张自然工具性价值的人类中心主义、主张自然内在价值的生态中心主义和主张自然价值双重性的生态学马克思主义。只承认自然价值的工具性价值,会导致人类对自然的破坏和掠夺,形成“边污染边治理”的恶性循环。只承认自然价值的内在价值,会消解人类利用自然的正当性,可能引发历史回退。脱离历史唯物主义地理解自然价值的双重性的西方生态学马克思主义,会取消社会革命的必然性。我们应批判地分析自然价值的认识逻辑演进,实践地、发展地、历史地认识自然价值,构建中国特色的生态文明之路。

How to understand natural value is the basic problem of ecological ethics.In order to understand it correctly,the following three basic questions should be first answered:What is natural value?Why and how do people define natural value?In the process of understanding natural value,the Marxist ecological view that advocates the instrumental value of nature,the ecological centralism that advocates the intrinsic value of nature and the dual nature of natural value have been formed.Only recognizing the instrumental use of natural value will lead to human's destruction and plunder of nature,forming a vicious circle of"pollution and protection at the same time".Only recognizing the intrinsic value of natural value will disprove the legitimacy of human's use of nature and may lead to historical regression.The western ecological Marxism view of understanding the duality of natural value without historical materialism will cancel the inevitability of social revolution.People should critically analyze the cognitive logic evolution of natural value,understand its practice,development and history,and build a path of ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics.