清代宫廷中的“西药东传”

Western Medicine Introduced to China in the Qing Dynasty

明末清初,西方殖民主义国家和宗教为扩大自身影响常派遣精通医药知识的传教士前往我国,传教士借医传教,西药也渐次随之传入。清宫作为当时最高统治阶级的核心部位,西药传入的途径更为多样,可归纳为以下四种:传教士医事活动、官员进贡、别国馈赠、朝廷向传教士索要。同时传教士们利用西药见效迅速的优点,在宫廷中进行一系列医疗活动,因良好的治疗效果与皇帝的支持而风靡一时。由此,越来越多的西药传入我国,极大程度地丰富了我国药物的种类。丰富的史料展示了清宫中的“西药东传”使我国传统医学同现代医学初步交融,中西结合的思想也在医药方面初步体现。

In order to expand their influence,western colonial countries and religious groups in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties sent missionaries proficient in medical knowledge to China to preach under the pretext of practicing medicine,while Western Medicine was also introduced into China at that time.They were introduced to royal family in Qing Dynasty-the highest ruling class with more extensive approaches:through the missionary medical activities,official tributes,gifts exchange and directly asking for.Western Medicine were all the rage with its treatment effects and support from the emperor.As a result,more and more western medicine were introduced into China,which greatly enriched the types of medicine in China.Rich historical materials showed the initial integration of Chinese Traditional Medicine and modern medicine,and the idea of combining Chinese and Western Medicine was preliminarily reflected in medicine.