老年女性无症状颈动脉粥样硬化患者不稳定斑块的影响因素

Influential Factors of Unstable Plaque in Older Women with Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis

目的探究老年女性无症状颈动脉粥样硬化患者不稳定斑块的影响因素。方法通过便利抽样法进行回顾性分析,选取2020年6月~2021年12月体检的128例老年女性无症状颈动脉粥样硬化患者为研究对象,根据患者斑块稳定情况分为不稳定组(36例)和稳定组(92例)。通过单因素和二元logistic回归分析对影响患者斑块不稳定的相关因素进行统计学分析,并通过受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线对影响斑块不稳定的因素进行预测价值分析。结果两组总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、TC/HDL-C、斑块部位比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。二元logistic回归分析显示,TC/HDL-C、斑块部位是影响老年女性无症状颈动脉粥样硬化患者斑块不稳定的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,TC/HDL-C、斑块部位预测颈动脉不稳定斑块的曲线下面积分别为0.731(95%CI:0.623-0.894)和0.595(95%CI:0.509~0.747)。结论TC/HDL-C,斑块部位是影响老年女性无症状颈动脉粥样硬化患者斑块不稳定的重要因素,对不稳定斑块具有一定的预测价值。

Objective To explore the influential factors of unstable plaque in older female patients with asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted by convenience sampling.A total of 128 older women with asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis who underwent physical examination from June 2020 to December 2021 were selected as the research objects, and were divided into un unstable group(36 cases) and a stable group(92 cases) according to the plaque stability.Univariate and binary logistic regression were used to analyze the influential factors of plaque instability, and receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of these factors on plaque instability.Results There were significant differences in total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),TC/HDL-C,and location of plaque between the two groups(P<0.05).Binary logistic regression analysis showed that TC/HDL-C and plaque location were independent risk factors for plaque instability in older women with asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis(P<0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that the areas under the curve of TC/HDL-C and plaque location for predicting unstable carotid plaque were 0.731(95%CI:0.623-0.894) and 0.595(95%CI:0.509-0.747),respectively.Conclusion TC/HDL-C and plaque location are important factors affecting plaque instability in older women with asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis, and have predictive value for unstable plaques.