新时期农村多维贫困的识别与测度

Identification and Measurement of Multidimensional Rural Poverty in the new Era

文章根据全面建成小康社会后新时期贫困表现的新特征,制定了考虑家庭规模影响的“小康贫困线”及“三保障”评估的临界值,以识别新时期的农村相对贫困人口。基于江西省624户农村样本,构建了包含收入标准、三保障标准、食物营养结构、社会关系、精神状态等7个维度的识别体系,对样本农户进行多维贫困测度。结果表明:大多数家庭都是一维贫困,其中,劳动力、收入、精神状况维度贫困发生率较高;建档立卡农户贫困贡献率高于非建档立卡农户;维度分解结果表明,收入、劳动力、健康和教育四个维度的贡献显著。

According to the new characteristics of poverty after building a moderately prosperous society in all respects in the new era,this paper formulates the critical values of“well-off poverty line”and“three guarantees”considering the impact of family size to identify the rural relative poor population in the new era.Based on the sample of 624 rural households in Jiangxi Province,an identification system containing 7 dimensions of income standard,three-guarantee standards,food nutrition structure,social relationship and mental state is constructed to measure the multidimensional poverty.The results show that most families are of one-dimensional poverty,among which the incidence of poverty in the dimensions of labor force,income and mental state is high,and that the poverty contribution rate of registered farmers is higher than that of non-registered farmers.The results of dimensional decomposition show that the four dimensions of income,labor force,health and education contribute significantly.