CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术后并发症的高危因素及护理干预对策

High risk factors for complications after CT-guided percutaneous lung aspiration biopsy and nursing intervention countermeasures

目的探究与分析CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术后并发症的高危因素及护理干预对策。方法回顾性分析2018年5月至2021年10月河北省唐山市人民医院收治的196例肺部疾病患者的临床资料。全部患者均实施了CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术用于疾病的诊断,将术后并发症的患者作为并发症组(42例)及非并发症组(154例)。观察患者穿刺活检成功率、并发症类型,分析CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术后并发症的影响因素。结果纳入患者一次性的穿刺活检成功率为98.98%,2次穿刺率为1.02%,并发症发生率为21.43%。两组合并慢性阻塞性肺疾病、病灶直径、病灶距胸壁距离、穿刺针停留时间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,合并慢性阻塞性肺疾病、病灶直径、病灶距胸壁距离、穿刺针停留时间是CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术后并发症的高危因素(OR>1,P<0.05)。结论CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术操作期间具有较高的成功率;影响CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术后并发症的高危因素包括合并慢性阻塞性肺疾病、病灶直径、病灶距胸壁距离、穿刺针停留时间;对高危因素进行分析,并制订有效的护理干预对策有望降低术后并发症对患者健康带来的不良影响。

Objective To explore and analyze the high-risk factors of complications after CT-guided percutaneous lung aspiration biopsy and nursing intervention countermeasures.Methods From May 2018 to October 2021,the clinical data of 196 cases in Tangshan People's Hospital,Hebei Province was retrospectively analyzed.All patients underwent CT-guided percutaneous lung aspiration biopsy for the diagnosis of the disease,and those with postoperative complications were classified as the complication group(42 patients)and the non-complication group(154 patients).The success rate of puncture biopsy and the type of complications in patients were observed,and the high-risk factors affecting complications after CT-guided percutaneous lung puncture biopsy were analyzed.Results The success rate of one-time puncture biopsy in patients was 98.98%,the rate of two punctures was 1.02%,and the complication rate was 21.43%.The differences were statistically significant when comparing the combined COPD,lesion diameter,lesion distance from the chest wall,and puncture needle dwell time between the two groups(P<0.05).Multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that combined chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,lesion diameter,lesion distance from the chest wall,and puncture needle dwell time were high risk factors for complications after CT-guided percutaneous lung aspiration biopsy(OR>1,P<0.05).Conclusion CT-guided percutaneous lung aspiration biopsy has a high success rate during operation;the high-risk factors of postoperative complications after CT-guided percutaneous lung aspiration biopsy include combined chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,lesion diameter,lesion distance from the chest wall,and puncture needle dwell time,and the analysis of the high-risk factors and the development of effective nursing interventions may reduce the adverse effects of postoperative complications on patients’health.