金代驿传制度探析

An Exploration on the Post Station System of Jin Dynasty

交通驿站对于一个政权来说十分重要,金代的驿传制度主要是继承于辽、宋。金代的驿站由兵部下属的四方馆进行管理,驿传机构分为驿站和急递铺两种。驿站的构成组织包括驿卒、驿马、驿舍等,不同品级的官员需佩戴相应等级的符牌方可乘驿。章宗后期出于军情和河防的考虑,又设置了急递铺,专门用于传递紧急文牒书信。驿站和急递铺的设置不仅加强了金代各地的沟通交流,更为元明时期交通驿站的发展奠定了基础。

Transit stations are very important to a state. The post system of Jin Dynasty was mainly inherited from Liao and Song Dynasties. The post stations of the Jin Dynasty were managed by the Sifang Pavilion under the Ministry of War. Post agencies are divided into two kinds of post and urgent delivery shop. The composition organization of the post includes post staff, post horses and post houses.Officials of different grades are required to wear the corresponding grade of the symbol plate to ride in the post. In the later period of Emperor Zhang, for the consideration of military situation and river defense, he set up an urgent delivery shop to deliver urgent letters.The establishment of the post and urgent delivery shop not only strengthened the communication between different parts of the Jin Dynasty, but also laid a foundation for the development of the traffic station in the Yuan and Ming Dynasties.