大行程柔顺对称缓冲机构设计与分析

Design and analysis of a compliant buffer with symmetric layout and large travel

针对传统缓冲机构结构相对复杂、体积质量较大的不足,面向小口径电磁发射武器对称缓冲、大垂向负载的需求,该研究提出了一种柔顺梁竖直布置、柔顺机构左右对称布局的缓冲器与摇架一体化设计的柔顺对称缓冲机构,分析了缓冲机构中柔顺直线导向机构(linear guide compliant mechanism,LGCM)的刚度、行程以及垂向承载能力等参数,并进行了仿真验证与静动态试验测试,柔顺对称缓冲机构的刚度为892.82 N/mm,行程为±7 mm,垂向承载能力可达12400 N,之后进行了实弹射击测试。测试结果表明,缓冲机构最大后坐位移为5.12 mm,经缓冲后的最大冲击传递力为4743.7 N,有效降低了后坐冲击,达到了缓冲机构设计目标。

Since most of conventional buffering mechanisms suffer from relatively complex and bulky structure, a novel large travel cradle-buffer integrated-designed compliant buffer with vertical straight leaf spring and symmetric layout was proposed aiming to meet the symmetric buffering and high out-of-plane payload requirements of a small calibrator railgun. The key parameters such as the stiffness, travel and out-of-plane payload of the linear guide compliant mechanism(LGCM) were analyzed. The analytical model was confirmed by finite element simulation and experiments. It is noted that the developed LGCM is capable of ±7 mm buffering traveling with 892.82 N/mm working stiffness, and the out-of-plane payload of the LGCM is greater than 12 400 N. Furthermore, dynamic firing tests were carried out to investigate the buffering characteristics of the symmetric compliant buffer(SCB). The experimental results show that the maximum recoil displacement of the SCB is 5.12 mm and the maximum buffered recoil force is about 4 743.7 N, which reduce the recoil shock dramatically and meet the buffer design goal.