《柱间史》中的聂赤赞普新神话“综合说”论析

An Analysis of the New Myth of King Nyatri Tsenpo in the Vase-shaped Pillar Testament

《柱间史》历来被视为一部非常重要的历史文献,但该书关于聂赤赞普神话的书写一直被认为缺乏历史依据而没有得到比较充分的阐释。文章认为《柱间史》有别于同时期其它文献,它通过转换旧说、综合融通的方法对相互对立的聂赤赞普身世神话三说进行了改造,从而创造了一个新的聂赤赞普神话。这个新的神话通过将天竺释迦族后代经过地理空间的位移、本土文化的内化转换以及社会仪式的认定三个步骤,完成了对初代王神话的重新书写,以此表征了《柱间史》在西藏割据时期重新理解藏族历史传统的新文化立场,这一新的合成形象在中古时期泛欧亚文化背景中也显现了其独特的意义和价值。

The Vase-shaped Pillar Testament is a very important Tibetan literature,but the myth of the King Nyatri Tsenpo(Gnyav-khri btsan-po)in this bookhas always been considered to be lack of historical basis and has not been deliberately narrated.However,this article argues that this book actually creates a new myth of the King Nyatri Tsenpo through the synthesis method which transfers and fuses the former three different statements about the king.The transfer process includes three steps:changing the geographical space,internalizing Tibetan local culture and performing a social ceremony.This rewriting symbolizes a new cultural standpoint of this book in the fragmented period and at the same time shows its peculiar significance in view of the pan-Eurasian cultural background in the Middle Ages.