陇中黄土高原半干旱区9个燕麦品种籽粒产量及其营养价值研究

Study on the Grain Yield and Nutritional Value of Nine Oat Varieties in the Semi-arid Area of the Loess Plateau in Central Gansu

本研究对9个燕麦(Avena sativa)品种的主要农艺性状、种子产量和籽粒营养品质进行了比较,以期筛选出适宜在陇中黄土高原半干旱区生产利用的燕麦品种。结果表明:供试燕麦品种均属于中熟型,在当地均能成熟;9个燕麦农艺性状、种子产量及籽粒营养品质之间存在显著差异(P<0.05),‘迪燕1号’的株高和穗长最高,分别为150.00 cm和30.50 cm,但种子产量最低,为1734.20 kg·hm^(-2),穗粒数和穗粒重均以‘魏都莜5号’最高,分别为128.4粒和2.84 g,‘晋燕17号’的种子产量和淀粉含量最高,分别为2500.00 kg·hm^(-2)和53.68%,但粗蛋白含量最低,仅为15.95%,‘张莜8号’的千粒重最高,为28.20 g,粗蛋白含量以‘张莜9号’最高,达18.75%,‘坝莜18号’的β-葡聚糖和粗脂肪含量最高,分别为4.37%和6.35%。应用灰色关联度理论方法对9个燕麦品种的主要农艺性状、种子产量与籽粒营养品质指标进行综合分析得出,‘晋燕17号’‘魏都莜5号’‘迪燕1号’综合性状较好,适宜在陇中黄土高原半干旱区种植及推广。

In order to evaluate the adaptability of the introduced oat variety in the semi-arid area of the Loess Plateau in central Gansu,this study compared the agronomic characteristics,seed yield,and grain nutritional quality of nine oat(Avena sativa)varieties to select suitable oat varieties for production and utilization in the semi-arid area of central Gansu.The results showed that the nine oat varieties belonged to the medium maturity type and could mature locally.There were significant differences in agronomic traits,seed yield,and grain nutritional quality among varieties(P<0.05).The plant height and ear length of‘Diyan No.1’were the highest at 153.00 cm and 32.50 cm,respectively,but the seed yield was the lowest at 1734.20 kg·hm^(-2).The number of grains per spike and the grain weight per spike was the highest in‘Weiduyou No.5’,which were 128.43 grains and 2.84 g,respectively.The seed yield and starch content of‘Jinyan No.17’were the highest at 2500.00 kg·hm^(-2)and 53.68%,respectively,but the lowest crude protein content was only 15.95%.‘Zhangyou No.8’had the highest thousand-grain weight of 28.20 g,and‘Zhangyou No.9’had the highest crude protein content,which was 18.75%.‘Bayou No.18’had the highestβ-glucan and crude fat content,which were 4.37%and 6.35%,respectively.The agronomic characters,seed yield,and grain nutritional quality indexes of nine oat varieties were comprehensively analyzed by using the method of grey correlation theory.It was concluded that‘Jinyan No.17’‘Weiduyou No.5’and‘Diyan No.1’had better comprehensive characters,and were suitable for planting and popularization in the semi-arid area of the Loess Plateau in Central Gansu.