世界主义潮流下的自我书写与价值解体--芥川龙之介《河童》寓言形式探究

Self-writing and Value Disintegration under the Trend of Cosmopolitanism:A Probe into the Allegorical Form of the Akutagawa Ryūnosuke Kappa

《河童》中主人公的身份是一个疯子,如何确证其语言表述的正当性成为《河童》中的首要难题。这种表述结构首先构成一个古老的哲学命题:名不正则言不顺,言不顺则事不成。如此来看,《河童》的叙述在文本开始前就已经遭到破坏,进而形成一个高度的召唤结构。主人公“我”误入河童国的过程应该被看作一个潜在的游历过程,即是寻求真理或寻找自我的过程。与此同时,“河童语”的创造也同样成为了真理表述的特殊符码。这些都意味着《河童》是一部具有强烈现代性内涵的寓言式作品。

The protagonist's identity in the novel is a madman.How to confirm the validity of his language ex‐pression has become the chief problem.This kind of expression structure first constitutes an ancient philosophy proposition:If the name is not right then speech will not be in order,and if speech is not in order then nothing will be accomplished.In this way,the narrative of Kappa has been destroyed before the beginning of the text,thus forming a high-level summoning structure.The process of the protagonist“I”straying into the Kingdom of Kappa should be regarded as a potential travel process,that is,the process of seeking truth or self.At the same time,the creation of“Kappa’s language”has also become a special code of truth expression.All these mean that the novel becomes an allegorical work with strong modern connotation.