我国大田作物有机肥撒施装备研究现状及发展趋势

Research status and development trend of organic fertilizer application equipment for field crops in China

有机肥还田是农业废弃物肥料化利用的收官环节,而适宜的有机肥撒肥机欠缺,不仅阻碍废弃物肥料化利用的发展,一定程度上更制约农业整体发展。在基于我国现有大田作物广泛的耕地面积、地形地貌以及土壤贫瘠等现象,分析有机肥还田的必要性。充分介绍国内外现有的相关机型,从工作原理、优缺点及适用范围等方面进行对比分析。结合我国南北地块的差异,分别提出不同条件下对应机型的选择与研发方向,并对未来大田作物撒肥机从抛洒的均匀性、上料技术、智能调控等方面进行展望,为我国大田作物有机肥撒施装备的进一步发展提供参考依据。

Returning organic fertilizer to the field is the final link of the fertilizer utilization of agricultural waste, and the lack of suitable organic fertilizer spreader not only hinders the development of the fertilizer utilization of waste, but also restricts the overall development of agriculture to a certain extent. Based on the extensive cultivated land area, landform and barren soil of field crops in China, this paper analyzes the necessity of returning organic fertilizer to the field. This paper fully introduces the existing relevant models at home and abroad and makes a comparative analysis from the aspects of working principle, advantages and disadvantages and scope of application. Combined with the differences between North and South plots in China, the author puts forward the selection and research direction of corresponding models under different conditions and prospects, the future crop fertilizer applicator from the distribution uniformity, self-feeding technology, intelligent control and other aspects. It provides a reference basis for the further development of field crop organic fertilizer application equipment in China.