“法的意志”与“实际权利”的关系:马克思法哲学的核心议题

The relationship between of"the will of law"and"actual rights":Core issues on Marx's philosophy on law

西方学界对马克思法哲学思想的研究主要呈现为两种路径:注重客观物质层面的唯物主义路径和强调精神性意志的唯心主义路径。这两种非此即彼的单向度研究路径都曲解了马克思法哲学思想,走向了不同的极端。事实上,马克思不仅主张个体应当具有物质性的实际权利,还强调个体精神意志的重要性,二者缺一不可。可以说,马克思是在对主客体关系的分析中去揭示“法”的本质的。理解了这一点,对当代中国特色社会主义的法治建设,具有重要的启示意义。

The research of Marxist philosophy on law in Western academic circles mainly presents two paths:the materialistic path that focuses on objective material aspects and the idealistic path that emphasizes spiritual will.Both unidirectional research paths that either one or the other distort Marxist philosophy and go to different extremes.In effect,Marx not only advocates that individuals should have material and practical rights,but also emphasizes the importance of individual spiritual will,both of which are indispensable.It can be said that Marx revealed the essence of the"law"in the analysis of the subject-object relationship.Understanding this has important enlightening significance for the construction of the rule of law in contemporary socialism with Chinese characteristics.