光电倍增管时间测量误差补偿方法研究

Method of compensating for time measurement error of photomultiplier tube

目前广泛使用的基于微通道板的光电倍增管,其时间分辨率受到光电子信号在各部分渡越时间限制,为光电子信号的时间信息测量带来一定程度的影响.对影响光电倍增管时间分辨率的参数进行分析,针对信号在阳极上的时间测量误差进行具体研究,确定由光电子信号在阳极位置上的差异是造成信号时间测量误差的重要因素,提出了一种简单且行之有效的误差补偿方法.采用延迟线阳极获取光电子信号的位置信息,将位置信息转化为该位置传输至电极端口的时间信息,通过这一时间信息对光电子信号的时间测量误差进行弥补.实验结果表明,该误差补偿方法能有效提升光电子信号的时间测量精度,为提高基于微通道板的光电倍增管时间分辨率提供解决思路和理论依据.

In order to improve the temporal resolution of photomultiplier tubes, our research group has conducted the in-depth research on photomultiplier tubes based on microchannel plates that are widely used at present. The time resolution of photomultiplier tube based on microchannel plate is limited by the transit time of photoelectric signal in each part, including the transit time of photoelectric signal in the transmission process of photocathode to microchannel plate, the transit time of photoelectric signal in microchannel plate time, the transit time of the photoelectric signal from the microchannel plate to the detector anode, and the transit time of the photoelectric signal on the anode to the electrode port. The transit time of the whole process has a certain degree of influence on the time information measurement of the optoelectronic signal. In this study,various parameters affecting the time resolution of the photomultiplier tube are analyzed, and it is found that the different positions of the photoelectron signal on the anode will bring errors to the measurement of the arrival time of the signal at the anode, and the photoelectric signal is transmitted to the electrode port at the affected point of the anode The spent time will cause the signal measurement time to lag behind the real time,which indirectly affects the time resolution of the system. Therefore, a specific study is carried out on the time measurement error of the signal on the anode, and it is determined that the difference of the photoelectron signal on the anode position is an important factor causing the signal time measurement error, and a simple and effective method of compensating for error is proposed. In the research process, the delay line anode is used, and the positional resolution principle of the photoelectric signal is used to obtain the position information of the photoelectron signal on the anode, and the position information is converted into the time information transmitted from the position to the electrode port. The theoretical value of the transit time on the anode is offset, eliminating unnecessary time in the time-of-arrival measurement of the photoelectron signal. The time measurement error of the optoelectronic signal is compensated for by this time information. The experimental results show that the error compensation method can effectively improve the time measurement accuracy of optoelectronic signals, and provide solutions and theoretical basis for improving the time resolution of photomultiplier tubes based on microchannel plates.