D-半乳糖法制备AD动物模型的分类总结与初步评价

Classification and research progress on animal models of Alzheimer’s disease prepared by D-galactose

阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)作为一种常见的大脑神经退行性疾病,严重影响老年患者的身心健康与生活质量。研究制备AD动物模型,尤其是复制同时具备行为、生化及病理学特征的AD模型,对AD发病机制及治疗研究具有重要意义。本文分类总结了近年来以单纯D-半乳糖(D-galactose,D-gal)及D-gal结合β淀粉样蛋白(amyloidβ-protein,Aβ)寡聚体、AlCl_(3)、NaNO_(2)制备AD动物模型的方法。从药物诱导AD的机制、学习记忆受损的表现,以及氧化应激、炎症反应、神经元损伤、Aβ及Tau集聚等病理改变角度对各类造模方法进行评价和探讨,以期为AD动物模型制备和研究提供依据。

As a common neurodegenerative disease,Alzheimer’s disease(AD)seriously affects the physical and mental health,and the quality of life,of patients.The preparation of AD animal models is therefore of significance,especially models that can effectively replicate abnormal behavioral,biochemical,and pathological changes.In this review,the method of preparing AD animal models based on D-galactose alone,and D-galactose combined with an amyloid beta protein(Aβ)oligomer,AlCl_(3),and NaNO_(2) were summarized.The mechanism of drug-induced AD,the presentation of impaired learning memory,and pathological changes such as oxidative stress,inflammatory reactions,neuron damage,and Aβand Tau aggregation are evaluated and discussed to provide a reference for future studies involving AD animal models.