氢燃料电池空压机用超高速永磁电机设计

Design of ultra-high speed permanent magnet machine for hydrogen fuel cell air compressor

氢燃料电池无油离心空压机通常采用超高速永磁电机作为动力驱动,与同功率低速电机相比,超高速永磁电机主要面临转子强度、临界转速、损耗温升、热管理等系列问题,为此采用多物理场分析方法对一台22 kW/95000 r·min^(-1)空气动压箔片轴承超高速永磁电机进行了分析计算。首先,根据转子强度及转子动力学要求初步确定了电机转子尺寸,应用磁路法完成了电磁设计;其次,根据燃料电池空压机的整体要求建立了超高速永磁电机结构,完成了转子强度、转子临界转速及超高速永磁电机热特性分析;最后,试制样机实现了22 kW/95000 r·min^(-1)稳定运行。仿真分析和试验数据表明:所设计的超高速永磁电机能够满足氢燃料电池空压机的整机要求,为后续系列化电机开发与优化设计提供了参考。

Hydrogen fuel cell oil-free centrifugal air compressor is usually driven by an ultra-high speed permanent magnet motor.Compared with the low-speed motor with the same power,the ultra-high speed permanent magnet motor mainly faces a series of problems such as rotor strength,critical speed,loss,temperature rise,heat management and so on.Aiming at the above problems,a 22 kW/95000 r·min^(-1) air dynamic pressure foil bearing ultra-high speed permanent magnet motor was analyzed and calculated by using the multi-physical field analysis method.Firstly,according to the requirements of rotor strength and rotor dynamics,the rotor size of the motor is preliminarily determined,and the electromagnetic design was completed by the magnetic circuit method.Secondly,according to the overall requirements of fuel cell air compressor,the structure of ultra-high speed permanent magnet motor was established,and the analysis of rotor strength,rotor critical speed and thermal characteristics of ultra-high speed permanent magnet motor was completed.Finally,a prototype was trial-produced to achieve stable operation of 22 kW/95000 r·min^(-1).Simulation analysis and test data show that:the designed ultra-HSPM machine can meet the requirements of a hydrogen fuel cell air compressor,and provides a reference for the development and optimization design of subsequent series machines.