危机中的想象力——《罪与罚》与日本现代文学

Imagination in Crisis——Crime and Punishment and Modern Japanese Literature

《罪与罚》是陀思妥耶夫斯基文学在日本影响最广泛的一部作品。明治时期,北村透谷通过小说人物的犯罪行为剖析了俄罗斯的社会问题,并以此警示日本的社会危机。进入大正时期之后,荻原朔太郎和芥川龙之介从作品中洞察了人性的神秘和丑陋,而室生犀星等则于其中发现了人道主义博爱。江户川乱步借用《罪与罚》的情节创作了侦探小说《心理实验》。这在方法论上给予松本清张极大启示,从而激发了“社会派推理小说”的创作。

Crime and punishment is one of Dostoevsky’s most influential works in Japan. During the Meiji period, Kitamura Tōkoku analyzed the social problems in Russia through the criminal acts of the characters in the novel, and thus warned of the social crisis in Japan. After entering the Taisho Period, Sakutarō Hagiwara and Ryūnosuke Akutagawa had an insight into the mystery and ugliness of human nature from this work,while Murō Saisei discovered humanitarian philanthropy in it. Edogawa Ranpo used the plot of Crime and punishment to create the detective novel The Psychological Test. This enlightened Seichō Matsumoto greatly in methodology and prompted him to begin “Social School”(shakaiha) within the genre of detective story.