数字经济、城市专业化格局与比较优势

Digital economy specialization pattern and urban comparative advantage

本文探讨了数字经济对城市专业化格局的影响。理论上,数字经济发展以增加不可贸易商品份额,缓解时空对经济活动的约束和数字空间在更大范围配置资源三种形式扩大市场规模,从而促进了城市专业化格局的变动。实证上,本文以“国家智慧城市”政策试点这一准自然实验,采用双重差分的计量方法较为外生地识别了数字经济对城市专业化格局的影响。研究结果表明:平均而言,数字经济促进了城市产业专业化水平的提升,尤其是对城市技能型服务业专业化水平的提升最为显著。从中心-外围理论的角度来看,数字经济对城市专业化的提升和产业比较优势的形成主要是集中在中心城市,对外围城市的影响不显著。本文的研究拓展了数字经济对经济地理格局影响的研究,提升了数字经济时代城市政府加快数字化转型必要性的认识。

This paper discusses the influence of digital economy on the pattern of urban specialization.Digital economy is an economic organization activity which takes data as the key factor of production and digital technology as the important driving force.The development of digital economy has not only improved social productivity,but also significantly improved the efficiency of market transactions.By reducing transaction costs and compressing the distance between time and space,the digital economy promotes the occurrence of trade and the expansion of market scale,and promotes the refinement of social division of labor and the deepening of specialties.Digital information technology constructs the digital space based on data,and integrates the economic activities in the real space into the digital space to form a digital platform.with the increase of the number of users of the digital platform,the digital platform can allocate more and more resources.the scope of the market scale is becoming larger and larger.In theory,the development of digital economy promotes the change of urban specialization pattern by increasing the share of non-tradable goods,alleviating the constraints of time and space on economic activities and expanding the market scale in the form of digital space allocating resources on a larger scale.Empirically,based on the quasi-natural experiment of"National Smart City"policy,this paper uses the double difference measurement method to identify the impact of digital economy on urban specialization pattern.The results show that:on average,the digital economy promotes the level of urban industrial specialization,especially for the professional level of urban skilled service industry.From the perspective of center-periphery theory,the promotion of urban specialization and the formation of industrial comparative advantage of digital economy are mainly concentrated in central cities,and the impact on peripheral cities is not significant.The research of this paper expands the research on the influence of digital economy on economic geography and enhances the understanding of the necessity of urban government to speed up digital transformation in the era of digital economy.At present,China is building a new pattern of regional economic development with a clear division of labor and complementary advantages.the government pays more and more attention to the shaping of urban industrial specialization and comparative advantage by the new economy represented by the digital economy.The findings of this paper provide some theoretical reference for the city government to speed up the digital transformation of industry and build new advantages of urban development,such as accelerating the digital transformation of urban agglomeration around the Yellow River in the process of promoting the construction of the Yellow River eco-economic belt.promote each city to give full play to its own comparative advantages.As one of the main momentum of the current high-quality economic development,the role of digital economy in shaping the economic geographical pattern should be highly concerned by the city government.In the increasingly competitive era of digital economy,the city government promotes the digital development of industry with urban digitization,gives full play to the regional coordination role of digital economy,and actively constructs a new regional development pattern with clear division of labor and complementary advantages.