人工智能赋能企业颠覆性创新的路径分析

Analysis on the path of disruptive innovation enabled by artificial intelligence

人工智能加快渗透到经济社会生活之中,并不断催生出新的价值体系,深入研究其对后发企业颠覆性创新的影响作用和实现机制意义显著。基于此,本研究首先归纳现有理论基础并解析了人工智能的创新赋能特性。其次,以科大讯飞为研究对象,从专利视角切入,识别出该企业核心专利和颠覆性专利技术。再次,阐释了该企业如何促进人工智能与语音产业的融合,以及从后发企业跃迁到智能语音行业主流企业的有益实践。研究表明,强化源头技术创新、塑造核心能力平台和构建创新生态系统,是推动科大讯飞成功实现智能语音颠覆性创新及其商品化的重要机制。在此基础上,文章最后凝练了人工智能赋能企业颠覆性创新的理论模型。案例分析过程及研究结论,可以为当前我国企业更好地发挥好人工智能的赋能作用,进而探索和实现颠覆性创新提供有益借鉴。

As the core driving force of a new round of industrial change, artificial intelligence is releasing the tremendous energy of previous scientific and technological revolutions and industrial changes. Artificial intelligence can be integrated into new products of various industries, provide new business forms of personalized products and services, and create new cross-border models of industrial chains. Disruptive innovation is the development of new technologies, products, services, processes or business models that enable companies to change the rules of competition. At present, the different reports point out that artificial intelligence is one of the most disruptive technology, but there is still a lack of understanding of the internal relationship between artificial intelligence and enterprise disruptive innovation from the perspective of management.Through literature review, this paper explores the internal relationship between artificial intelligence and enterprise disruptive innovation. Taking iFlytek, a representative enterprise in the field of artificial intelligence, as the case study object, a total of 1455 patents of iFlytek from 2001 to 2019 are selected for research and analysis.The first part is to screen and analyze the core patents of iFlytek. Comprehensive measure for evaluation of technology innovation, this paper designed a claim number, patent family number, forward reference number, backward number, patent IPC classification number five indexes, such as to identify the core of the iFlytek patent technology, and on this basis, excavated disruptive patent technology of the enterprise. Firstly, the entropy method was used to assign the weight of each index, and it was found that the weight of patent citation and citation is relatively high. Secondly, 982 invention patents of iFlytek were scored by using gray degree correlation method, and core patents in artificial intelligence field of iFlytek were screened out, and disruptive patent technologies of the enterprise were analyzed and identified. Through the scoring results, it is found that the patent(US20130197911 A1) that plays the "cornerstone" effect in the iFlytek patent family is the Method and System for Endpoint Automatic Detection of Audio Record. This technology can accurately identify the user’s voice signal, get rid of the limitation that the recording control is completed by manual, and subvert the information input and feedback mode in the traditional human-computer interaction process.The second part of the discussion is based on the patent data, combines with the company’s practical development experience, to carry out a theoretical analysis on the realization mechanism of disruptive innovation of iFlytek. Artificial intelligence has made the voice industry more automated and intelligent, and promoted the transformation of iFlytek from a "latecomer" to a "mainstream enterprise." Specific performance: based on data-driven identification, learning and reasoning, mining knowledge fission points, generating technological disruption, through "AI+" cross-field innovation products to obtain new markets;Secondly, the core technology platform is built based on artificial intelligence technology. Based on human-machine collaborative swarm intelligence, the deep cognition of mechano-brain fusion is improved and new market rules are defined. Finally, through the deep link of artificial intelligence, the resources of different value chains can be integrated, the technological pattern can be reshaped, and the innovation motivation of various subjects can be stimulated, to realize the further development of disruptive technological innovation.To sum up, strengthening the source technology innovation, shaping the core capability platform, and constructing the innovation ecosystem are the important mechanisms to promote the success of iFlytek’s intelligent voice disruptive innovation and commercialization. The case analysis process and research conclusion in this paper can provide useful reference for Chinese enterprises to better play the enabling role of artificial intelligence, and then explore and realize disruptive innovation.