国家核辐射突发事件卫生应急队员心理健康状况评估

Evaluation of mental health for national nuclear radiation emergency rescuers

目的本研究旨在评估国家核辐射突发事件应急队员的心理健康状况、人格特质,为提高队员心理健康水平提供参考依据。方法对52名在职国家核辐射突发事件卫生应急队员进行调查研究,采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、卡特尔16种人格量表(16PF)评估心理健康水平和人格特质特点,经独立样本t检验、单因素方差分析和Pearson相关性分析进行队员与常模症状自评量表(SCL-90)和卡特尔16PF结果的比较。结果应急队员的SCL-90多个因子和阳性项目均分均低于常模,差异有统计学意义(t=-4.77~-2.04,P<0.05),筛选阳性率占21.15%,出现躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁等阳性症状。队员人格特质表现为高聪慧性、稳定性,低敏感性、怀疑性等。文化程度、生活满意度、卡特尔16PF多因素与SCL-90多因子显著相关(r=-0.569~0.627,P<0.05)。结论核辐射突发事件卫生应急队员心理健康水平优于常人。遴选队员和进行心理干预时应考虑队员的文化程度、生活满意度、人格特质等心理健康相关特征。

Objective To estimate the mental health status and personality traits of the nuclear radiation emergency rescuers,allowing to provide reference basis for improving their mental health.Methods Totally 52 nuclear radiation emergency rescuers were selected as the subjects.The symptom checklist 90(SCL-90)and Cattell's 16 personality factor scale(16PF)were used to assess their mental health status and personality traits.The results obtained from the survey of these rescuers were compared with those obtained using Students't-test,One-Way ANOVA and Pearson correlation analysis.Results The average scores of multiple factors and positive items of the SCL-90 were significantly lower in the rescuers than in the norm(t=-4.77 to-2.04,P<0.05),and the positive rate was 21.15%.The symptom checklist 90 subscales such as somatization,obsessive-compulsive and depression were found in the rescuers.Rescuers received high scores in the following components among the 16 factors of Cattell:less intelligent-more intelligent,emotionally stable.Rescuers also received low scores in the following components among the 16 factors of Cattell:tough-minded-tender-minded,trusting-suspicious.Life satisfaction,educational degree and Cattell's 16 PF were significantly associated with the factors of SCL-90(r=-0.569 to 0.627,P<0.05).Conclusions The rescuers are better than ordinary Chinese people in psychological health.Mental health-related factors such as literacy,life satisfaction,and personality traits should be taken into account when selecting team members and conducting psychological interventions.