资源枯竭型城市土地利用与景观类型变化分析——以昆明市东川区为例

Analysis of land use and landscape type change in resource-depleted cities——A case study of Dongchuan District,Kunming City

在生态持续恶化、资源日渐枯竭的现实情况下,产业转型以及生态修复成为未来发展的重点,而东川区作为国家资源枯竭型城市的转型试点,其生态修复与转型的成果与对策具有示范性,因此通过对东川区2000、2010、2020年3期的土地利用数据图,构建土地利用转移矩阵来揭示东川区2000—2020年的土地利用变化特征,同时利用空间格局分析(MSPA)对东川区3期土地利用数据进行处理,将土地利用转移矩阵与MSPA景观类型变化结合分析,得出东川的土地利用变化使得其核心区增多,但增多的核心区中仍有一部分较为破碎化,景观类型中桥接区、支线以及孤岛的增多能为东川区未来的生态网络构建提供有利条件,从而进一步提升东川区整体生态环境及景观连通性,使其整体的生态环境通过土地利用的覆被变化得到一定提升,为未来整体生态网络的修复与构建提供了坚实基础。

In the reality that the ecology continues to deteriorate and resources are increasingly depleted,industrial transformation and ecological restoration have become the focus of future development,and Dongchuan District,as a national resource-exhausted city transformation pilot,its ecological restoration and transformation achievements and countermeasures are very good examples.Therefore,this paper constructs a land use transfer matrix to reveal the characteristics of land use change in Dongchuan District from 2000 to 2020 through the land use data map of the three phases of Dongchuan District from 2000 to 2010 to 2020,and uses spatial pattern analysis(MSPA)processed the land use data of the third phase of Dongchuan District,combined the land use transition matrix with the MSPA landscape type change,and concluded that the land use change in Dongchuan increased the core area of Dongchuan,but there are still many core areas in the increased core area.Part of it is relatively fragmented,and the increase of bridge areas,branch lines and isolated islands in the landscape type can provide favorable conditions for the future ecological network construction in Dongchuan District,thereby further improving the overall ecological environment and landscape connectivity of Dongchuan District.The ecological environment has been improved to a certain extent through the change of land use cover,and it has provided a solid foundation for the restoration and construction of the overall ecological network in the future.