粤港澳大湾区海岸线时空变化及驱动力分析

Analysis of temporal and spatial changes and driving forces of coastline in Guangdong,Hong Kong and Macao Great Bay Area.

分析粤港澳大湾区近40年海岸线及岸线土地利用时空特征,揭示其主要变化特征,为沿海区域土地利用管控和海洋生态保护提供参考。对粤港澳大湾区1979—2016年海岸线及岸线间增加土地利用进行时空变化分析,结果表明,海岸线时空变化特征表现为:时间上,从1979—2016年海岸线增加229.63 km,其中1979—1989年增加幅度最大;空间上,珠江口西岸在规模和空间位置上的变化均更显著,尤其是黄茅海—横琴岛段和珠江口两侧。典型岸段海岸线变化特征表现为:黄茅海—横琴岛段是粤港澳大湾区海岸线变化最显著的岸段,土地利用增加最多的为基塘;内伶仃岛—虎门段岸线开发主要用途类型为围垦和养殖,深圳湾—虎门段海岸线开发主要用途为建设用地。海岸线变化的驱动力主要来自人口集聚发展、经济发展的“向海要地”、海上交通的大规模发展等因素。

Analyzing the spatial and temporal changes of land use along the coastline and between the coastlines in the Great Bay area of Guangdong,Hong Kong and Macao in the past 40 years can reveal the main change characteristics,and provide a reference basis for land use control and marine ecological protection in the coastal area.The temporal and spatial changes of the coastline and land use between the coastlines in the Great Bay area of Guangdong,Hong Kong and Macao from 1979 to 2016 are analyzed.The results show that the temporal and spatial changes of the coastline are as follows:from 1979 to 2016,the increase was 229.63 km,of which the increase was the largest from 1979 to 1989;Spatially,the West Bank of the Pearl River Estuary has more significant changes in scale and spatial location,especially in the Huangmaohai Hengqin Island section and both sides of the Pearl River Estuary.The characteristics of coastline change in typical coastal sections are as follows:Huangmaohai Hengqin Island section is the most significant coastal section in Guangdong,Hong Kong and Macao Bay area,and the foundation pond has the most land use increase;The main uses of the coastline development of Neilingding Island Humen section are reclamation and aquaculture,and the main uses of the coastline development of Shenzhen Bay Humen section are construction land.In addition,the driving force for the coastline change is mainly due to factors such as population agglomeration development,economic development,and large-scale development of maritime traffic.