社会形态的二维建构及其功能演进——关于马克思主义社会形态理论的省思与重置

The Two-dimensional Construction of Social Formation and Its Evolution of Function:A Reflection and Reset of Marxist Theory on Social Formation

改革开放以来,传统社会形态理论的单线进化模式遭遇到了前所未有的危机。与此同时,有关中国特色社会主义理论的探索与实践,又为马克思主义社会形态理论的创新提供了新的启示。基于历史与现实的连续性和同构性,我们有理由相信,历史上的社会形态及其各个阶段,也同样经历了公、私所有制相互结合的各种混合结构模式。“公、私所有制二维建构、双重演进”理念就此诞生。与传统社会形态理论相比较,“社会形态二维建构论”是在原有“个体生产力—私有制—阶级”维度上,增设“集体生产力—公有制—共同体”维度,以此构成社会形态演进的二维逻辑。在社会形态进化的二维视野中,社会进化的每一个环节或阶段,都是公有与私有两种因素的重新结构或建构。确立公有、私有二维逻辑演进或双重结构进化论,有助于我们从整体上把握社会形态的演进过程,也有助于理解中国与西方的历史差异和社会差异,进而自觉地省思中国特色社会主义的历史和逻辑定位。

Since the Reform and Opening-up,the unilinear evolution in traditional theory on social formation have encountered unprecedented crisis,and meanwhile,the exploration and practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics provides new enlightenment for the innovation of Marxist theory on social formation.Combining the historical conditions,the idea of two-dimensional construction and dual evolution of public and private ownership which increases the dimension of“collective productivity,public ownership,and community”besides the original dimension of“individual productivity,private ownership,and class”is thus generated.Such perspective will help us understanding the evolution of social formation on the whole,as well as the historical and social differences between China and the West.