耦合型政企关系的理论建构与中国政企关系的优化方向

Theoretical Construction of Coupling Relationship between Government and Enterprise and Optimization Direction of Government-Enterprise Relationship in China

政企关系是影响经济发展质量的关键因素,也是推进体制机制改革的重要环节。新时代背景下,内外部环境变化和高质量发展目标都要求加快构建适合当前情境的新型政企关系。基于多重理论视角重新审视政企关系的内涵和要义,同时考察政企关系实践及其演化趋势,探索性提出“耦合型政企关系”。这一新范式以开放、共享理念为基础,以政企双方的互动与合作为核心,政府和企业既相互独立又高度融合,两者构成一个交互作用的子系统,同时内嵌于一个更加多元和包容的大系统。依据核心驱动因素和政企联结属性两个维度,耦合型政企关系可分为系统耦合、战略伙伴、长期契约、价值共创、事务协作、市场交易、利益攫取、关系维护、资源互换等九种类型。围绕新时代中国构建和完善耦合型政企关系,提出优化思路和对策建议:一是继续深化营商环境改革,加快向服务型和法治型政府转变;二是坚持竞争中性原则,保障不同类型企业平等竞争;三是建立和完善社会信用体系,树立诚信、合作与共享理念;四是优化政企互动合作机制,提升合作动力与合作效率;五是增强政府政务和企业运营透明度,构建有效的社会监督体系。

The relationship between government and enterprise is a key factor affecting the quality of economic development,and also an important field to promote the reform of system and mechanism.Under the background of the new era,the change of internal and external environment and the goal of high-quality development call for speeding up the construction of a new type of government-enterprise relationship suitable for the current situation.Based on multiple theoretical perspectives,this paper examines the connotation and essentials of government-enterprise relationship,as well as the practice and evolution trend of government-enterprise relationship.Then it proposes a new paradigm of“coupling relationship between government and enterprise”,which is based on the concept of openness and sharing,focusing on the interaction and cooperation between government and enterprise.The government and enterprise are both independent and highly integrated,forming an interactive subsystem and embedded in a more diversified and inclusive system.The“coupling relationship between government and enterprise”can be divided into nine types according to core driving factors and government-enterprise connection attributes,including systematic coupling,strategic partner,long-term contract,value co-creation,transaction collaboration,market transaction,interest capture,relationship maintenance and resource exchange.In order to construct and improve the new paradigm in China,this paper puts forward some optimization ideas and suggestions.It is necessary to deepen the reform of the business environment and accelerate the transformation to service-oriented and law-based government,adhere to the principle of competitive neutrality and ensure equal competition among different types of enterprises,improve the social credit system and establish the concept of integrity,cooperation and sharing,optimize the interactive and cooperative mechanism to enhance cooperation motivation and efficiency,strengthen the transparency of government affairs and enterprise operations and establish an effective social supervision system.