重罪案件法律援助辩护准入制度研究——以《法律援助法》的实施为背景

Research on the Access System of Legal Aid Defense for Felony Cases:Enforcement of Legal Aid Law of The People’s Republic of China as Background

2021年《法律援助法》首次从立法层面明确了无期徒刑、死刑、死刑复核三类重罪案件法律援助辩护准入的资质标准,搭建起重罪案件法律援助辩护准入制度的基本框架。这不仅有利于提高法律援助质量,维护重罪案件犯罪嫌疑人、被告人合法权益,也有利于缓解法律援助资源分配不均、促进司法公正的全面实现。推动重罪案件法律援助辩护准入制度在我国的系统化建构,既要立足规范,保障《法律援助法》第26条的有效施行,稳制度发展之本;也应着眼未来,扩大制度适用范围,设置层级化辩护准入标准,完善保障与监管配套性措施。

The Legal Aid Law of 2021 clarifies for the first time the requirements for access to legal aid defense in felony cases,including life imprisonment,death penalty and death penalty reviewed cases,which builds a basic framework for the access system of legal aid defense for felony cases.It is not only a significant measure to address the low quality of criminal legal aid,but also more conducive to promoting the full realization of justice and alleviating the imbalance of legal aid resources.To promote the systematic construction of the legal aid defense access system for felony cases in China,on the one hand,it is necessary to promote the law from the text to the ground and guarantee the effective implementation of Article 26 of the Legal Aid Law,and stabilize the foundation of the development of the system;on the other hand,one should also focus on the future,expand the scope of the system application,sett up tiered defense admission criteria for defense access,and strengthen safeguards and supervision of the matching measures.