基于三维高密度电法的露天铁矿充气型采空区探测

Detection of Gas-filled Goaf in Open-pit Iron Mine Based on Three-dimensional High-density Electrical Method

针对金属矿山露天矿采空区调查中存在的技术性难题,以鞍本地区一大型露天铁矿为例,采用三维高密度电法探测技术,以“S”形阵列式布极方式实现多方位同时采集数据,进行光滑约束的最小二乘法反演处理,并结合可视化技术构建了地下空间三维模型,对露天铁矿地下采空区分布位置及特征进行了精准探测研究。结果表明:在露天铁矿一处沉降变形区地下埋深31 m处圈定出了一处充气型采空区,与钻孔资料相比,其误差小于3 m。反映出三维高密度电法探测技术通过可视化三维模型可直观地展现地下采空区的埋深、分布等信息,可为矿山采空区安全评价和治理提供可靠依据。

Aiming at the technical problems existing in the goaf survey of open-pit metal mine,take⁃ing a large open-pit iron mine in Anshan-Benxi area as an example,three-dimensional high-density elec⁃trical detection technique is adopted,multi-azimuths simultaneous data collection is realized by S-type ar⁃ray pole distribution method,so as to carry out the least square inversion processing with smooth con⁃straints.And combined with visualization technique,a 3D model of underground space is established to ac⁃curately detect and study the distribution location and characteristics of underground goaf in open-pit iron mine.The study results show that an air-filled goaf is delineated at a depth of 31 m in a subsidence deforma⁃tion area of an open-pit iron mine,and the error is less than 3 m compared with the borehole data.It reflects that the 3D high-density electrical detection technology can intuitively display the information such as the buried depth and distribution of underground goaf through the visual 3D model,which can provide a reli⁃able basis for the safety evaluation and management of goaf.