基于聚氨酯泡沫的煤矿采空区贯通面封堵材料试验研究

Experimental Study on Plugging Material of Coal Mine Goaf Penetration Face Based on Polyurethane Foam

针对三道沟煤矿采空区贯通面可能存在的有毒有害气体涌出而危害工作面作业安全问题,提出采用聚氨酯泡沫材料对采空区贯通面实施封堵的方法,并对封堵材料膨胀、附着、发泡、抗静电及阻燃性能进行了分析,提出了聚氨酯泡沫封堵材料合理配比值,在此基础上对聚氨酯泡沫材料进行了系统试验研究。结果表明:封堵材膨胀时间为2 min,膨胀倍率可达10倍,煤块脱落面积仅为4%,达到4B级,测试结果符合井下使用要求;当导电炭黑添加份数为1.5时,电阻数量级可降低到107,可有效防止电荷的积累;当阻燃剂8316添加量为21%时,氧指数达到最大值29.2%,能够实现较好地封堵及阻燃效果。聚氨酯泡沫封堵材料与煤体具有良好的黏结性,对模拟管壁进行封堵后,在25 m/s的风速下,对封堵情况无影响,整体封堵效果良好,能够有效解决采空区贯通面有毒有害气体涌入问题,同时为类似条件矿山采空区贯通面封堵提供指导与借鉴。

In view of the possible toxic and harmful gas emission from the penetration face of the goaf in Sandaogou Coal Mine,which endangers the working safety of the working face,a method of using poly⁃urethane foam materials to plug the penetration face of the goaf is proposed,and the expansion,adhesion,foaming,anti-static and flame retardant properties of the plugging materials are analyzed,and the reason⁃able matching ratio of polyurethane foam plugging materials is proposed.On this basis,polyurethane foam materials were systematically studied.The results show that the expansion time of the plugging material is 2min,the expansion ratio can reach 10 times,and the falling area of the coal block is only 4%,reaching Grade 4B.The test results meet the requirements of underground use.When the content of conductive car⁃bon black is 1.5,the resistance order of magnitude can be reduced to 107,which can effectively prevent the accumulation of electric charges.When the addition amount of flame retardant 8316 is 21%,the oxygen in⁃dex reaches the maximum value of 29.2%,which can achieve good plugging and flame retardant effects.The polyurethane foam plugging material has good adhesion with the coal body.After plugging the simulat⁃ed pipe wall,under the wind speed of 25 m/s,it has no impact on the plugging situation,and the overall plugging effect is good,which can effectively solve the problem of toxic and harmful gas influx from the goaf penetration face,and provide guidance and reference for the plugging of the goaf penetration face in mines with similar conditions.