唐代商人经营收入探微

Exploration into Merchants’ Operating Income in the Tang Dynasty

唐代商人研究少以收入作为角度切入,而在正史和笔记小说中留存一些商人的经营收入材料。通过对裴明礼、邹凤炽、宋清、窦乂等商人的经营类型、经营内容、经营收入进行考证,从而按收入多少分为富商大贾和中小商人;对盐、茶、丝帛、家具、旅店、金融、珠宝等重利型以及船、药、饮食、牲畜等薄利多销型的不同类型的商人进行分析,并与官员收入做一对比,可以大致勾勒出唐代商人这一群体在社会中的经济地位,丰富经济史的群体收入研究。

The research on merchants in the Tang Dynasty was less focused on their income,and many records of merchants’ operating income were kept in the history books and literary sketches.The operating type,range and income of dozens of merchants such as Pei Mingli,Zou Fengchi,Song Qing and Dou Yi were verified,and then they were divided into rich merchants,and small and medium-sized merchants according to their income.By analyzing the merchants for seeking high profit such as salt,tea,silk,furniture,hotels,finance,and jewelry,as well as the merchants in the pursuit of small profit but quick turnover such as ships,medicine,food,and livestock and in comparison with the income of government officials,the economic social status of these merchants in the Tang Dynasty can be roughly outlined and the study of the group income in the economic history can be enriched.