固液捆绑火箭上升过程喷流干扰特性及底部热环境研究

Study on Jet Interference Characteristics and Bottom Thermal Environment of Solid-Liquid Bundled Rocket During Ascent

固体喷流和液体喷流的来流与喷流之间相互干扰,在喷流交汇碰撞区域使流场温度、压力特性发生变化,对箭体底部的加热效应增强。特别是含有固体颗粒的固体助推器喷流与液体芯级喷流混合,对传热特性产生明显影响。本文用连续相模型模拟气相、离散相模型(DPM)模拟固体粒子相、DO模型模拟含有固体粒子的介质辐射,对固液捆绑火箭在上升飞行过程中的气固两相喷流的演变过程进行仿真研究。仿真结果表明:在不同的发动机组合之间出现高温区域,并随着喷流扩张和飞行高度增加,高温区向箭体底部移动,喷流中小粒径固体颗粒分布在喷流与空气的边界混合层区域,大粒径固体颗粒分布在喷流交互中心区域,底部最大对流热流密度与辐射热流密度为90 kW/m^(2)和400 kW/m^(2)。将仿真实验结果与飞行试验数据进行了对比分析,发现两者吻合较好,验证了仿真结果的准确性。

Solid and liquid jets interfere with each other,and so do incoming and jet flows. These interactions change the temperature and pressure characteristics of the flow field in the jet intersection and collision areas,and enhance the heating effect on the rocket bottom. Particularly,the mixing of solid booster jet containing solid particles and liquid core jets has a significant impact on the heat transfer characteristics. In this paper,the evolution process of the gas-solid two-phase jet of a solid-liquid bundled rocket during the ascent flight is simulated,and the jet flow field and thermal environment distribution of solid rocket motor and solid-liquid bundled rocket are calculated. The continuous phase model is used to simulate the gas phase,the discrete phase model(DPM)is used to simulate the solid particle phase,and the discrete-ordinates model(DOM)is used to simulate the medium radiation containing solid particles.The results show that there are high-temperature areas in different engine combinations,and the high-temperature areas increase with the jet expansion and flight altitude increase. The high-temperature areas move toward the rocket bottom.The solid particles with small and medium sizes are distributed in the mixed layer region at the jet and air boundary,and the solid particles with large size are distributed in the interaction center of the jet flow. The maximum convective heat flux and radiation heat flux on the surface of the rocket bottom are 90 kW/m^(2)and 400 kW/m^(2),respectively. The simulation results are compared and analyzed with the flight test data,and good agreement is achieved,which verifies the accuracy of the simulation results.